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The Xoloitzcuintli, also known as the Mexican Hairless Dog, is an ancient breed that has been a part of Mexican culture for thousands of years. They were considered sacred by the Aztecs and were believed to guide souls through the underworld. These dogs are known for their unique appearance, as they are hairless and have a wrinkled, almost alien-like appearance. They are also highly intelligent and loyal companions, making them a popular choice for families. Despite their ancient roots, Xoloitzcuintli are still a rare breed, with only a few thousand registered in the United States.
Pets
The Xoloitzcuintli, commonly known as the xolo or Mexican hairless dog, is a breed recognized for its loyalty and protective nature. It has been revered by the Mayan and Aztec civilizations since the pre-Columbian era, where it was believed to be a guide for souls to the underworld. Its hairless body made it an excellent heat conductor, and it was sometimes used as a food source.
The xolo was considered a symbolic guide to the underworld and was named after two Aztec words: Xolotl, the god of lightning and death, and itzcuintli, which means dog. The gods created the Dog of Xolotl to protect the living and guide the souls of the dead through the dangers of MictlГЎn, the underworld.
The Xoloitzcuintli Club of America states that the breed is one of the oldest in the world, with a history dating back 3,500 years. Today, the xolo can be found in different sizes and colors, usually dark-colored. The breed has an elegant and rugged look, with a thoughtful face. Xolos are known for their loyalty, protectiveness, and intelligence. Proper training and socialization as a young dog can set them up for success as an adult.
Despite their long history, xolos are still a rare breed in the United States, but their popularity has been slowly increasing in recent years. In Mexico, however, they are still considered a national treasure.
Not Recommended for First-Time Dog Owners
Xoloitzcuintli dogs are not the best pets for families who are new to owning dogs, according to Steffi Trott, the owner and head trainer at SpiritDog Training in Albuquerque, New Mexico. These dogs are naturally cautious of strangers and can become reactive and aggressive without proper training. They may also be hesitant around new situations and slow to make friends. However, they are affectionate and loving with their own families and require lots of interaction and stimulation.
Highly Intelligent and Sensitive
Xoloitzcuintli dogs are quick learners but should be trained with positive methods due to their sensitive personalities. They have a high prey drive, which makes it difficult to train them not to chase wildlife. However, they love learning tricks and playing games like fetch and Frisbee.
Require High Levels of Exercise
Despite their fragile appearance, Xoloitzcuintli dogs enjoy rigorous exercise and are highly energetic. They excel at dog sports such as agility and are not suitable for sedentary owners. However, it’s important to measure activity levels at an individual level. Not all dogs of this breed have the same exercise needs.
Xoloitzcuintli dogs require regular grooming, including bathing every few weeks and cleaning specific spots with grooming wipes. They also need protection from cool temperatures and rain and may require a sweater in the winter. Additionally, some of these dogs need sunscreen if they have pale or reddish skin. They do not shed and are hypoallergenic, making them a great choice for people with allergies.
Expensive to Purchase
Xoloitzcuintli dogs can be purchased in Mexico for $750, but in the U.S., the average cost is $1,500 to $3,000. This price typically includes paperwork and registration with the American Kennel Club (AKC). These dogs can be purchased from breeders across the U.S., a Xoloitzcuintli-specific rescue, or from a breeder in Mexico for increased authenticity.
According to Trott, the AKC breeder registry is the best place to find a well-bred xoloitzcuintli. As this breed is rare, prospective owners should be prepared to travel by plane to pick up a puppy. While it is possible to find a rescue xoloitzcuintli, it is not very common, according to Ellis. Breed-specific rescues for xolos can be found on Pet Finder, and breeders can also be contacted to inquire about re-homing. Ichir suggests that the nonprofit Xoloitzcuintli Primitive Breed Rescue is a better source for finding a xolo in rescue throughout the country.
FAQ
1. What is a Xoloitzcuintli?
A Xoloitzcuintli is a breed of dog that is native to Mexico. They are also known as the Mexican Hairless Dog.
2. What is the history of the Xoloitzcuintli?
The Xoloitzcuintli is an ancient breed that dates back to pre-Columbian times in Mexico. They were believed to have been used by the Aztecs as guides to the underworld.
3. Why are Xoloitzcuintlis hairless?
The Xoloitzcuintli breed has a unique genetic trait that makes them hairless. This trait is a result of a recessive gene that is passed down through generations.
4. What are the different sizes of Xoloitzcuintlis?
Xoloitzcuintlis come in three different sizes: toy, miniature, and standard. The toy size is the smallest, weighing up to 10 pounds. The standard size can weigh up to 55 pounds.
5. What is the temperament of a Xoloitzcuintli?
Xoloitzcuintlis are known for their loyalty and affection towards their owners. They are also intelligent and alert, making them great watchdogs.
6. What is the lifespan of a Xoloitzcuintli?
Xoloitzcuintlis have a lifespan of around 12-14 years.
7. Are Xoloitzcuintlis hypoallergenic?
Yes, Xoloitzcuintlis are hypoallergenic, meaning they produce less dander than other breeds.
8. What is the grooming routine for a Xoloitzcuintli?
Since Xoloitzcuintlis are hairless, they do not require regular grooming. However, their skin should be moisturized to prevent dryness and cracking.
9. Are Xoloitzcuintlis easy to train?
Xoloitzcuintlis are intelligent and eager to please their owners, making them relatively easy to train. However, consistent training and socialization are important for this breed.
10. Do Xoloitzcuintlis have any health issues?
Like all breeds, Xoloitzcuintlis are prone to certain health issues such as hip dysplasia and skin infections. Regular veterinary checkups are important to maintain their overall health.
11. Are Xoloitzcuintlis good with children?
Xoloitzcuintlis can be great family pets and are generally good with children. However, as with any breed, supervision is important when children are around dogs to prevent any accidents.
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