Quck answer
Termites are social insects that live in colonies and feed on wood. They have a highly organized caste system, with different members performing specific roles. The worker termites are responsible for building and maintaining the nest, while the soldier termites defend the colony. The queen termite lays eggs and is the only female that reproduces, while the king termite fertilizes her eggs. Termites have special microbes in their gut that allow them to digest cellulose, the main component of wood. This makes them important decomposers in ecosystems, but also a major pest in human-made structures.
Wild Animals
Eliminating Termite Infestations
Termites are capable of consuming wood in houses and buildings.
Photo by Peter Essick/Aurora/
If you discover an invasion of fleas or roaches in your house, you can usually take care of it with over-the-counter products. However, this isn’t the case with termites. Although some of the chemicals that eliminate fleas and roaches can also kill termites, specific tools and training are required to apply them to a termite infestation.
When an exterminator visits your property, their first step is to verify that termites are the cause. Other insects, such as carpenter bees and some ant species, can also damage wooden structures. Additionally, some people may mistake water damage for termite damage. An exterminator will use tools such as long probes, heat sensors, sound sensors, infrared cameras, hammers, and drills to search for signs of termite damage.
If conclusive evidence of termites is found, the exterminator may use one of three treatment methods:
- Baits are cellulose-containing products, such as wood or cardboard, that are soaked in pesticides. Termites consume the baits and transport the poison particles back to their nests, contaminating the rest of the colony.
- Repellents deter termites from entering a specific area. These can help prevent termites from colonizing a new location in your property.
- Termaticides kill termites. In some cases, exterminators need to pump hundreds of gallons of termaticide into termite nests to treat the infestation. Another approach is to apply an insecticide around the entire perimeter of the house and at every possible termite entry point. This prevents termites from entering, and any termites that are already inside typically die of dehydration.
Fortunately, it takes several years for termites to cause significant damage to a home. So if you detect an infestation on your property, you have time to obtain quotes from several exterminators. Before making a decision, find out what kind of warranty or guarantee the exterminator provides and whether you will need to pay for additional treatments if the termites return. It’s also a good idea to contact your local cooperative extension office to learn how your state regulates termite control. This ensures that the exterminator you choose is properly licensed and qualified.
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More Great Links
- Learn about Termite Teamwork from PBS
- Visit Dr. Don’s Termite Pages
- Explore Insecta Inspecta
- Find out about the University of Toronto Urban Entomology Program
Sources
- Get facts about Termites from the Australian Museum
- Find out more at Dr. Don’s Termite Pages
- Read about Subterranean Termites from Texas Agricultural Extension Service
- Learn about Homeostasis in Termite Colonies from ESF
- Discover Macrotermes bellicousus from Insecta Inspecta
- Get information about Termites from University of Nebraska: Lincoln
- Read about Subterranean Termites from University of Florida
- Find out about Formosan Termites from LSU Agricultural Center
- Get information about Termites from N.C. State University
- Explore Termite Teamwork on PBS
- Learn about Eastern Subterranean Termites from Penn State
- Read about Termites from Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum
- Get information about Subterranean Termites in the Eastern United States from Ohio State University
- Find out about Termite Control from University of Kentucky
- Read about Isoptera from University of Toronto
- Discover Termites 101 from University of Toronto
FAQ
1. What are termites?
Termites are eusocial insects that belong to the order Blattodea. They are often referred to as “white ants” because of their pale color and ant-like appearance. Termites are known for their ability to break down and consume wood, and they play a vital role in ecosystems by recycling nutrients back into the soil.
2. How do termites eat wood?
Termites are able to eat wood thanks to special microorganisms in their stomachs called protozoa. These protozoa break down the cellulose in wood into simpler compounds that the termites can digest. Additionally, termites have powerful jaws that allow them to chew through wood and access the cellulose inside.
3. How do termites communicate?
Termites use a variety of methods to communicate with each other. They release pheromones to signal danger, food sources, and the location of their nests. They also use vibrations to communicate, which can be detected by other termites through their antennae. Additionally, termites engage in grooming behaviors that help them bond and communicate with each other.
4. What is the role of the termite queen?
The termite queen is responsible for laying eggs and producing new members of the colony. She is typically much larger than the other termites in the colony and can live for several years. The queen is often cared for by worker termites, who feed and groom her to ensure she remains healthy and able to produce offspring.
5. How do termites build their nests?
Termites build their nests using a combination of saliva, soil, and wood. They create intricate tunnels and chambers that provide protection from predators and the elements. Some termite species build above-ground mounds, while others create elaborate underground networks of tunnels and chambers.
6. How do termites impact human structures?
Termites can cause significant damage to human structures, particularly those made of wood. They can weaken support beams, flooring, and other wooden components, leading to structural problems and even collapse. Additionally, termites can be difficult to detect, as they often work from the inside out and can remain hidden for long periods of time.
7. How can I prevent a termite infestation?
There are several steps you can take to prevent a termite infestation. First, eliminate any sources of standing water around your home, as termites are attracted to moisture. Second, keep firewood and other wooden materials away from your home’s foundation. Third, seal any cracks or openings in your home’s exterior to prevent termites from entering. Finally, consider having your home inspected by a professional pest control company to identify and treat any potential termite problems.
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